In 1932, Rappen, a fountain pen with a pump filler mechanism was released as the economy model. "Rappen"(black horse) was a sub-brand utilized by Günter Wagner. Many product groups from the company were separated into two lines in order to reach the largest possible number of consumers: premium products of the highest quality that carried the name "Pelikan" (e.g. Pelikan Fountain pen) and a second level of quality that usually carried the name "Rappen". This separation took place on product lines such as typewriter bands, carbon copy paper etc. One of the main reasons for the company to produce a fountain pen with a pump system was the fact that this type of pen was still quite common, had low production costs and was a clear departure from the flagship "Pelikan" writing instruments.