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Pelikan 100N (ca.1942) - the third generation
Green indicates the points that differ from Pelikan 100N (ca.1942).
Cap top; material: cellulose acetate, shape: conical, inclined cap top edge, logo: new two chicks logo on the top and “100N GÜNTER WAGER GERMANY” on the lateral side.
Cap tube; material: cellulose acetate, shape: "Pelikan" logo on the tube, one fluted band, no groove inside the tube.
Clip; shape: gold plated drop clip.
Nib; material: 14 ct gold, shape: round vent hole, logo:
Pelikan
• 585•
14 KARAT
F
Feed; material: ebonite, shape: flat tail, three lamellae without the recess.
Nib socket; material: ebonite, shape: 13.5 mm.
Grip section and barrel; one piece injection molded transparent acrylics, shape; flat top edge, tapered, no brass ring.
Sleeve; material: celluloid.
Filling system; material: injection molded cellulose acetate with black elastomer seal (late type), shape: conical, smooth turning knob.
Dimensions;
In 1942, all precious metal models for the model 100N that had been produced exclusively for the export market were discontinued (Pelikan Schreibgeräte). So, the standard model 100N was left for the export markets. For the domestic markets, only the wartime models 100N (CN nib, without cap rings) were produced (Pelikan 100N "wartime model" ca.1942).
On March 19, 1943, Deutscher Reichsanzeiger announced that all production of fountain pens and their spare parts would be illegal as of May 1, 1943. However, exceptionally, Günter Wagner received the instruction that the company was allowed to produce their pens shifting their quota from domestic to foreign destinations⁽¹⁾. In response, in 1943, the company stopped the production of the wartime model 100N for the domestic market (FountainPen.it).
How much damage did Günter Wagner's factories sustain in Germany and other countries during World War II? For example, Hanover, an important railway and road junction and production center, was a major target for strategic bombing. More than 50% of Hannover, with more than 90% of the buildings in the city center was destroyed in a total of 88 bombing raids starting in May 1940 (The History of Hannover). Under that circumstance, Günter Wagner did their utmost—or was forced to do so—to produce the model 100N for the export market with limited resources and manpower. The government needed to earn foreign currency for the war effort.
There are several ads on the prewar Pelikan blotting papers⁽²⁾ that show similar model 100N to my pen. It is different from other 3rd generation pens in several points. The most distinctive feature of the pen is "Pelikan" logo on the cap tube. The cap tube logo (GÜNTER WAGER GERMANY PELIKAN 100N), is also different from others. Interestingly, there is no groove inside the cap tube (Fig.5). I'm not sure if it was manufacturing defect. The pen, with one piece injection molded body (the 3rd generation) and gold nib⁽³⁾, is likely produced for the export market or foreign production (e.g. in Italia) in from 1942 to 1944 under circumstances as stated above.
Günter Wagner was likely producing fountain pens like this for export. As can be seen from the advertisements below, Günter Wagner was running ads outside Germany—e.g. in Italia—at least until the latter stages of World War II.
In 1944, the company at last ceased the production of the model 100N in Germany (FountainPen.it).
Note;⁽¹⁾Because the raw materials needed for military production—such as iron ore, oil, and rubber—had to be imported from abroad, the Nazis imposed strict controls on their limited foreign currency reserves. To secure foreign currency and avoid a trade deficit, exports were promoted in a manner that bordered on compulsion. While export companies were given priority access to raw materials, they were also required to generate foreign currency through exports. The Nazi government and Switzerland maintained particularly close ties, especially with regard to trade (SWI swissinfo.ch).
⁽²⁾Please take notice of the mark that can be found in the lower right corner of the right one. It was the Fascist authorization mark for Italian products (click). "Fasci" are arranged in the mark. We can tell that the fountain pen production was under control of Partito Nazionale Fascista (PNF) at that time.
⁽³⁾The use of gold nibs was permitted for the N100 intended for the export market.
Pelikan 100N (ca.1942)
My collection.
Pelikan blotting paper
Pelikan advertisement
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